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为了消除这一不良影响，外交部Malcolm Rifkind发表声明，王妃对地雷的观点和政府的政策基本一致，政府正致力于在全世界范围内废除地雷。国防部长Michael Portillo声明这件事仅仅是误解或者说是误会。
对于王妃来说，到这个饱受战争蹂躏的国家的访问，是一次极好的机会，可以利用她的名气向世界表明，地雷带来了多么严重的破坏和灾难。王妃说，这次经历也给了她一个与人们接近并了解他们疾苦的机会。
答案与解析
21。【题目译文】戴安娜王妃1997年出访安哥拉的目的是 。
【答案解析】D。根据文章第一段第一句“It came as something of a surprise when Diana Princess of Wales； made a trip to Angola in 1997； to support the Red Cross’s campaign for a total ban on all anti…personnel landmines”，可得出答案是D。
22。【题目译文】戴安娜王妃说：“Putting a face to those figures brought the reality home to me”是什么意思？
【答案解析】D。根据上下文，文章第一段第三句，即她说：“我知道这些统计数据，但面对那些面孔，使我更身临其境。比如说我碰到了一名叫桑德拉的13岁的小女孩，她失去了一条腿，还有很多这样的人们。”statistics后面but 的转折以及like的运用和句中举到的受伤小女孩的例子都表示出D项的意思。
23。【题目译文】部分英国政府官员批评戴安娜王妃是因为 。
【答案解析】C。根据文章第三段第一句，即“但回到伦敦后，她的观点受到了一些拒绝废除地雷的英政府成员的反对”可得出答案C。另外，我们从第五段第二句“it soon emerged that the princess’s trip had been approved by the Foreign Office； and that she was in fact very well…informed about both the situation in Angola and the British government’s policy regarding landmines”即“事实表明王妃的行程已被外交部批准，实际上她是非常了解安哥拉的情况和英国政府对地雷的政策方针的。”可排除其他三项。
24。【题目译文】戴安娜王妃对给予她的批评如何反应？
【答案解析】B。文章的第四段中有一个直接相关的句子“The princess responded by brushing aside the criticisms”即“王妃以漠视来回应这些批评”。短语动词brush aside意为“置之不理；漠视”和pay no attention to是同义词组，因此答案是B。
25。【题目译文】戴安娜王妃怎样看待她的安哥拉之行？
【答案解析】C。答案在文章最后一句话，即“王妃说这次经历也给了她一个与人们接近并了解他们疾苦的机会。”显然答案为C。
unit 1 总论Ｄay 2 题型及应对策略一（主旨题）
题型及应对策略一（主旨题）
主旨题在每一篇文章中都会直接或间接地涉及，所以读完一篇文章必须能够找出它的主题句，或自己归纳出主题。
主旨题的题目形式一般为：
The passage is mainly about _____。
Which of the following expresses the main idea of the passage？
What is the general topic of the passage？
The author is mainly concerned with _____。
The main theme of the passage is ______。
Paragraph 2 is mainly about _____。
Which of the following best summarizes the author’s opinion？
What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage？
The best title of this passage is _____。
主题句出现的位置：
1）开门见山。绝大多数的文章主题句出现在开头。
2）水到渠成。小部分文章的主题句出现在结尾处。
3）前后呼应。即文章开头点题，结尾总结，首尾结合给出主题。
4）中间也可点题。
5）留给读者自己归纳。有些英语作者喜欢和读者捉迷藏，有时出题老师也愿意找这类文章给考生设置一些障碍。
例一：主题句在文章开头（见上述头两例）
例二：主题句在文章结尾（2001。6）
Sport is not only physically challenging； but it can also be mentally challenging。 Criticism from coaches； parents； and other teammates； as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes（运动员）。 Stress can be physical； emotional； or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout。 Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable。
The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself。 The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place。 Young athletes can； for example； learn how to cooperate with others； make friends； and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives。 Coaches and parents should be aware； at all times； that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children。 Youngsters may take their parents’ and coaches’ criticisms to heart and find a flaw（缺陷）in themselves。
Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children。 The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons。 In today’s youth sport setting； young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport。 Following a game； many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters’ performances。 Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome。 Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism。 Again； criticism can create high levels of stress； which can lead to burnout。
本文主题在于强调积极强化对于年轻运动员的作用。前面的部分为铺垫，而在文章末尾才给出主题句。
例三：主题句在文章中间（2002。1）
Some pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse。 They see a day in the not…too…distant future when all autos will be abandoned and allowed to rust。 Other authorities； however； think the auto is here to stay。 They hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future。
The motorcar will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years。 It should become smaller； safer； and more economical； and should not be powered by the gasoline engine。 The car of the future should be far more pollution…free than present types。
Regardless of its power source； the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion（拥挤）。 One proposed solution to this problem is the automated highway system。
When the auto enters the highway system； a retractable（可伸缩的）arm will drop from the auto and make contact with a rail； which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically。
Once attached to the rail； the car will become electrically powered from the system； and control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer。 The computer will then monitor all of the car’s movements。
The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system。 The computer will calculate the best route； and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the highway。 The driver will then be free to relax and wait for the buzzer（蜂鸣器）that will warn him of his coming exit。 It is estimated that an automated highway will be able to handle 10；000 vehicles per hour； compared with the 1；500 to 2；000 vehicles that can be carried by a present…day highway。
本文头两段指出了不同人对于汽车的前途的不同看法，在第三段，即文章中间才给出主题句，讲解决城市交通堵塞的一个方法是自动高速公路系统。后面两段具体介绍自动高速公路系统是如何工作的。
请读下面的文章并且找到主题句，做出主旨题。
Exercise 1
The biggest safety threat facing airlines today may not be a terrorist with a gun； but the man with the portable computer in business class。 In the last 15 years； pilots have reported well over 100 incidents that could have been caused by electromagnetic interference。 The source of this interference remains unconfirmed； but increasingly； experts are pointing the blame at portable electronic devices such as portable computers； radio and cassette players and mobile telephones。
RTCA； an organization which advises the aviation（航空）industry； has recommended that all airlines ban（禁止）such devices from being used during “critical” stages of flight； particularly take…off and landing。 Some experts have gone further； calling for a total ban during all flights。 Currently； rules on using these devices are left up to individual airlines。 And although some a